The New York Times Quantitative Propaganda

Neil IrwinIn general, I’ve liked Neil Irwin’s work over the years. So I didn’t think much when I saw last week that he had written an article entitled, Why Americans Don’t Want to Soak the Rich. I think I may have given up on trying to understand what Americans do and don’t want to do. It changes from day to day and is incoherent regardless. But the word “soak” stopped me anyway. That’s a pejorative. I want to tax the rich a whole lot more, but I wouldn’t call it “soaking the rich.” So I figured the article didn’t have much to offer in terms of actual insight. What I most definitely did not think was that the article would be downright deceptive.

But when I saw that Jim Naureckas at FAIR had questioned the article, I took notice, Why Don’t Americans Want to “Soak the Rich”? It’s a Trick Question. What he means by that is that polling going back decades indicates a constant and high level of support for taxing the rich more. What was going on?

It turns out that Irwin’s article is not about polling data, but about two studies, which actually don’t shed much light at all about why Americans think any which way. The studies are vaguely interesting, but generally not so much so that they would be discussed in The New York Times. At first, I thought it was just a question of a bad headline for an article that didn’t back it up. But that isn’t true. Neil Irwin was indeed trying to make the case that Americans are less inclined to support taxing the rich. Check out this slippery move:

Over that same period, though, Americans’ views on whether the government should work to redistribute income — to tax the rich, for example, and funnel the proceeds to the poor and working class — have, depending on which survey answers you look at, either been little changed, or shifted toward greater skepticism about redistribution.

In other words, Americans’ desire to soak the rich has diminished even as the rich have more wealth available that could, theoretically, be soaked.

I’ll get to the first paragraph in a moment. But note how he shifts from the data being inconsistent to “Americans’ desire to soak the rich has diminished”! This article was not written as an opinion piece. It was part of The Upshot blog — The Times’ answer to Wonk Blog and (now) Vox. What I think we see here is something I talk about a lot: an upper-middle (or upper) class journalist who is so isolated that he doesn’t see his own economic conservatism as anything but “objective.”

Jim NaureckasAs for the first paragraph, Naureckas goes into some detail to show that indeed, there has been no drop in the desire of Americans to tax the rich. There was a little blip in 2010-2011 when “less than 60 percent said they thought the rich were not paying enough federal taxes.” Maybe Irwin is looking at surveys that ended in 2011. But those two years were the only years since 1992 in which support dipped below 60%. Check out the whole article because it has a lot of interesting data that totally refutes Irwin’s careless claim.

This makes me angry. This is the supposed liberal “newspaper of record.” And this article works as propaganda for the rich. It says to people, “Americans don’t want to tax the rich; you’re an American; right?!” Of course it works on a subconscious level where people simply pick up the idea that Americans don’t want to tax the rich. It is a way of narrowing the field of debate so that the idea of a 50% — much less a 70% or 91% — top marginal tax rate is just unthinkable. This is truly shameful.

Marco Rubio’s Unbelievable Tax Cut

Jonathan ChaitMarco Rubio’s presidential campaign is running into an unusual problem without precedent in the post-Reagan era: his tax cut is too big. The trouble is not so much that his tax cut is substantively too big — within the context of a Republican primary, a “too-large tax cut” does not even make linguistic sense; it would be like saying “Reagan is un-good.” Rubio’s slightly different problem is that his tax cut is so gargantuan that nobody in the party actually believes it…

The supply-siders are afraid that Rubio’s plan to cut taxes for the middle class would cost too much, forcing him to “fix” his plan by curtailing his promises to rich people…

Rubio’s plan is so wildly grandiose and unrealistic that even so math-challenged a figure as Steve Moore realizes it won’t add up. One of the things you learn growing up is that winning a bet for a dollar is worth more than winning a bet for a million dollars, because no kid ever pays up a million-dollar bet. Rubio’s plan is so crazy and unrealistic it might as well be no plan at all.

—Jonathan Chait
Has Marco Rubio Finally Created a Tax Cut So Huge Republicans Don’t Like It?

Selfish Old People and Obamacare

Narcissistic PeopleI really like Brian Beutler’s writing and analysis. But I don’t remember him ever filling me with awe as he did on Monday, Obamacare Is More Popular Than It Seems — If You Discount These People’s Opinions. He is not pulling punches. Put simply, he argued that we shouldn’t listen to old people when it comes to Obamacare because it has nothing to do with them. “Presumably we’d have no problem ignoring old people if they objected to child tax credits financed by working-age people. We should ignore them in this instance, too.” The polling that shows that people don’t care for Obamacare is tilted negative because old people are so against it, even though they are neither beneficiaries nor tax payers (except the very wealthy ones) for it.

As an example of this, he quoted the following from a detailed Bloomberg poll:

Stone, 83, says she “certainly hopes” the law gets repealed. She blames limits on medical testing in the act for her need to take cholesterol medication for three months this year after her cardiologist wasn’t willing to repeat a seemingly inaccurate but very high reading. “The doctors are very dissatisfied, and many of them are not able to give their patients the attention that they feel that they need because they can’t have too many appointments, too many tests,” said Stone, a retired elementary school principal from Alexander City, Alabama.

This goes along with a lot of literature that indicates that people mostly haven’t a clue about what Obamacare actually is. And that’s especially true of conservatives. Let’s just think about this for a moment. She’s on Medicare, so Obamacare has nothing to do with any limits on her coverage. I question her complaints anyway, but as much as they are indicative of real problems, they are problems with Medicare. Right now, only 36% of senior citizens have a favorable view of Obamacare. But the last time Gallup asked (last January), only 37% were satisfied with Social Security and Medicare. So maybe it is just the case that only about a third of senior citizens are happy about anything at all.

But look at Ms Stone in the quote above. I’m sure she would be appalled at the suggestion that Medicare be repealed. But she is more than willing to take healthcare away from millions of people, for the sole reason that she thinks it would improve the care that she gets under Medicare. It is a truly villainous attitude to have. And narcissistic. Beutler is right, but I will put it more bluntly: we shouldn’t listen to people like this because they are amazingly ignorant and selfish.

There is one substantive bit in the article that we really need to think about: the people who are for full repeal of Obamacare are the same as those who favor “repeal and replace.” So roughly 35% of the people want to repeal and roughly the same amount want to “repeal and replace.” As Beutler put it: “tacking ‘replace’ on to ‘repeal’ doesn’t widen the appeal of the conservative position at all.” I think this shows that Americans are a bit more savvy than they often appear. They understand that when Republicans talk about “repeal and replace,” that they aren’t serious. So what we actually get is roughly 65% of the people wanting to keep Obamacare pretty much the way it is. This is not something you will see reported on Fox News:

Obamacare Options

My image of elderly people is the nice folks at the Unitary church who hold candlelight vigils for world peach. But that is apparently the wrong image. The more typical image is Ms Stone who is of the “Off my lawn you kids” variety. This is not to say that I would take anything away from them. I feel very much that we must respect our elders. And I’ve been tested for subconscious bias and been found to be — contrary to most of this nation — biased somewhat toward the elderly. But Beutler is right: we shouldn’t listen to them on this issue. As it is, most of them probably think Obamacare is bad because Fox News and Mitt Romney told them that Obamacare was stealing from Medicare. The question we need to ask is why people like the thoroughly confused Ms Stone vote so reliably while we youngsters don’t. We can ignore their incoherent arguments, but we can’t ignore their votes.

Morning Music: Terry Callier

What Color Is Love - Terry CallierTerry Callier was an amazing guy, because he crossed all kinds of musical barriers. Primarily, he combined jazz and folk. If you can’t quite imagine that, remember that the blues is basically a kind of folk music. In fact, it was the folk scene of the late 1950s and early 1960s was responsible for finding old blues greats and turning them into stars in their old age. Callier would later go on to do some really interesting music with the UK hip-hop band Urban Species. So we was a lot more any English description could ever express.

Here he is performing probably his best known tune, “You Goin’ Miss Your Candyman,” from his great album What Color Is Love. He’s got a totally kick-ass band. But I don’t know who they are. It doesn’t matter. Just enjoy:

Robert M Price and the Limits of Brilliance

Robert M Price's Deeply Considered Opinion of ObamaI’ve written a bit about the religious scholar Robert M Price’s conservative politics in the past. But it has always been in passing. While listening to a podcast or interview, he will say something ignorant. It always stands out — but not because I disagree with it. His religious scholarship is very smart and learned. His political views have always evidenced a total lack of seriousness. It really sounds like he listens to Rush Limbaugh and that is not only the extent of his opinion, but also of his knowledge of the subject. For example, there was the time that he claimed Congressional Democrats were being hypocritical for not applying Obamacare to themselves. That’s a total mischaracterization of the healthcare law — and one that people would be unlikely to come up with independently.

So I was excited to see that he had recently decided to write a whole blog post on his conservatism, Atheists for Huckabee. And it is laugh out loud funny. When it comes to politics, Price is apparently devoid of any thought except for common conservative talking points. For example, the article contained the above image of Obama. Back in 2008 and 2009, the presentation of Obama as a saint would be totally appropriate. I was as annoyed as anyone at the way that Obama was treated by many Democrats. But that’s been over for a long time — except in the minds of conservatives who don’t get out much.

The Human BibleOf course, the far worse thing is The Book of Marx that he’s holding. Really?! The claims that Obama is a socialist are only made by people who don’t know what socialism is. But Marx?! It’s just ridiculous. Obama is a neoliberal — a very conservative person when it comes to the economy. And the fact that Price doesn’t know that shows that he indeed doesn’t pay attention to politics. He lives in his world of religion and science fiction and all the rest. And that’s great! But his claims to being misunderstood are ridiculous. He doesn’t take politics seriously enough to have a well formed opinion about it nor for the rest of us to misunderstand him.

But forget economics. Price’s conservatism is not about economics. It is about foreign affairs. It is about the fact that he has bought the neoconservative line on the world completely. He uses the term “Islamo-fascism” carelessly. Apparently Obama isn’t against the Islamo-fascists, which must be whatever governments Price has been told to hate. And he refers to Obama as “President Neville Chamberlain II.” As I have discussed in the past, Neville Chamberlain Was Right. I am sick to death of conservatives using Chamberlain as a shorthand argument against any foreign policy but war. Although I will admit, Price doubles his power with that one: showing total ignorance of two important western leaders.

Mike HuckabeeBut the main thing is that Price’s article is, in fact, an apologia for supporting Mike Huckabee. He brushes aside all of Huckabee’s radical, theocratic agenda. And to offset it, there really is not anything else other than that he would “stand against PC and Islamo-fascism.” Note: PC! Yes, that’s oh so important: all those liberals with their PC; they are just bringing down America! Oh, and there’s this other benefit of a Huckabee presidency, “Huckabee would shelve Global Warming fears, which is certainly okay with me, since I strongly suspect the whole thing is yet another Progressivist scheme to control, ie, screw up, the economy.” So he’s a global warming denier too. Not that he knows enough to be one. He’s just reads George Will.

People can have whatever opinions they like. But if they are going to start ranting about them in public, the least they could do is learn a little bit. The only mentions of the economy in Price’s article is that Obama is a Marxist and that “Progressivists” want to screw up the economy by controlling it. I can’t say that Price is not a deep thinker, because he clearly is a deep thinker about some things. But when it comes to politics, he doesn’t even try. He just lets his prejudices fly. We can only hope that he won’t make a habit of writing about politics.

Accidental Scientific Discoveries

Monty Python's Flying Circus Disc 12Penguins. Yes, penguins. What relevance do penguins have to the furtherance of medical science? Well, strangely enough, quite a lot — a major breakthrough maybe. It was from such an unlikely beginning as an unwanted fungus accidentally growing on a sterile plate that Sir Alexander Fleming gave the world penicillin. James Watt watched an ordinary household kettle boiling and conceived the potentiality of steam power. Would Albert Einstein ever have hit upon the theory of relativity if he hadn’t been clever? All of these tremendous leaps forward have been taken in the dark. Would Rutherford ever have split the atom if he hadn’t tried? Could Marconi have invented the radio if he hadn’t, by pure chance, spent years working at the problem? Are these amazing breakthroughs ever achieved except by years and years of unremitting study? Of course not. What I said earlier about accidental discoveries must have been wrong. Nevertheless, scientists believe that these penguins — these comic, flightless, web-footed little bastards — may finally, unwittingly help man to fathom the uncharted depths of the human mind.

Monty Python’s Flying Circus
“A Book at Bedtime”

TPP Supporters Say We Can’t Do Anything Good

Chinese RenminbiEconomist Dean Baker is the best source for information about the Trans-Pacific Partnership, it’s problems, and how the power elite of this country are trying to cram it down our throats before anyone can really check it out. For example, a couple of weeks ago, over at FAIR, he wrote, Three Fake Myths — and Two Actual Ones — About TPP Trade Pact. But today, he wrote about something that is always much on people’s minds when we aren’t discussing trade deals, but somehow just can’t be dealt with when we are: currency manipulation. Baker framed it regarding how his favorite newspaper is covering it, Washington Post Tells Readers the Elite Will Lie, Cheat, and Steal to Pass Their Trade Deals.

A couple of years ago, I wrote an article, National Income Accounting. In it, I show that there is a basic contradiction among most people who simultaneously want a balanced federal budget and a strong dollar. This is a simple matter of arithmetic. So when it comes to trade deals, the number one most important issue for us should be getting the value of our dollar down compared to other currancies — especially the Chinese renminbi. The Chinese government keeps the renminbi artificially depressed, which means that it can export more to the United States than it could in a fair system. So Americans get cheap Chinese goods, but they don’t have jobs.

The TPP does not include China, of course. But the idea has always been that eventually China would sign on to the deal. Baker asked rhetorically, “If currency rules are not included now, is The Post’s argument that it will be easier to get them included after China has joined?” But of course, we know why currency rules are not included. It is the same reason that so much effort on this supposed free trade agreement is spent on making intellectual property laws stronger. None of this deal is about helping the American (or any other country’s) worker. It is about allowing people who already have a lot of money to make even more. If you want to know more, read my article, No Trade Deals Until Our Economy Is Fixed.

Defenders of the TPP claim that the agreement can’t do anything about currency manipulation because it is hard. The Washington Pose opined, “The problem is that it’s very difficult to establish precisely, much less in a legally binding multinational agreement, ‘correct’ valuations of major currencies or the precise intent behind any particular policy that affects currency values.” Before we get to the substance of that, consider how typical this is. I hear this same argument in the education “reform” movement. It is always the case that doing something that is actually productive would be “hard” or “politically impossible.” So instead, we do things that are easy, which just so happen to help the people least in need of help — usually making things worse for everyone else.

But regarding the substance of the claim that it is “difficult” to establish correct valuations, this is just absurd. Of course, The Post used weasel words — most especially “precise.” But we don’t have to know precisely. We can tell simply by looking at the fact that the United States has a huge trade surplus with China. We know this from the National Income Accounting I discussed above. If things were reversed, it would be different, because developed countries are supposed to be flooding developing countries with capital. But it isn’t that way and so we know.

Regardless, we are left with the great apologists’ war cry, “We must do something!” And that something just happens to make Walmart’s supply chains that much more profitable. And it makes Sony’s copyrights that much more profitable. But American workers? They are supposed to shut-up and accept their subsistence service jobs. Go team!

Global Warming Won’t Ever Hurt Republicans

Rick ScottI’m not sure what to make of Rebecca Leber’s article in New Republic, Republicans Understand Climate Change, but Only Behind Closed Doors. The story doesn’t especially back up that headline. There are only two examples given in the article. The first is regarding a trip to Greenland that some Senators took seven years ago. Well, as you may remember: seven years ago, even John McCain was talking about a cap and trade deal. The issue simply wasn’t toxic the way it is now. The second example was from 2012, but even there, all that happened was that some unnamed 2016 presidential candidate (I’m assuming Marco Rubio) admitted that there did indeed seem to be some warming — not that humans are causing it and that it will continue.

But I agree with the contention, even without the data. Republican politicians (Especially in the Senate!) are educated and sophisticated people. They at least have grave concerns about their global warming denial. And I would expect that at least half of them know that global warming is real, man made, and a big threat. These are the most vile of people: public officials putting their own personal political careers ahead of the interests of the nation and the world itself. They are traitors.

I don’t expect politicians to be altruistic. But as I said: seven years ago, this wasn’t an issue. Global warming denial has become a conservative third rail in exactly the same way that Obamacare became one: because the Republicans saw it to their advantage. It’s interesting, actually. In The Reactionary Mind, Corey Robin argues that conservatism can be defined as a reaction against liberation movements. That is certainly true historically. But the modern Republican Party seems primarily to be defined simply as being against whatever the Democrats — Obama most especially — are for. And thus, we can do nothing about global warming because liberals do what to do something about it.

One example from the article is very telling. As you may remember, about two years ago, Republicans came up with a perfect way to not talk about global warming. If a journalist asked them, they would say, “Well, I’m not a scientist.” I always thought this was curious, because it makes no sense. They may not be scientists, but that doesn’t stop them have having a scientific opinion: global warming isn’t happening. But while Rick Scott ran for re-election as governor of Florida, he used that dodge. So after he won his election (Would it be too much to ask for Democrats to run people other than ex-Republicans?!) Scott was pressured into attending a half hour meeting with people who were scientists. “Eckerd College’s David Hastings described the governor’s face as showing ‘no expression of his interest or concern,’ giving the session the air of a chore.” I think that says a lot. He knows that the data are convincing, so he just has to avoid it. The new Republican global warming dodge should be, “Well, I’m not a scientist and I don’t care to listen to what scientists know.”

For a long time, I’ve been saying that there will never come a time that will convince conservatives that global warming is real. But that may not be the case. Miami is not even two meters above sea level. If it floods, I think we might find that Rick Scott expresses some interest and concern when scientists talk. But the real problem isn’t Rick Scott. It is the voters. Rick Scott will just give a heartfelt Rick Perry, “Oops!” And the people will forgive him and elect him to whatever job he’s running for at that time.

Ultimately, all of our problems are of our own making. No one forced Fox News viewers to keep the station tuned in 24 hours a day so that the network had to animate its logo so as not to damage their television sets. No one forced the voters of California to turn against a GMO labeling proposition because Monsanto and friends dumped $50 million in advertising. The power elite have more tools than it has ever had to maintain its position and the keep the people down. They are evil. But we are stupid.

Morning Music: Elvis Costello

Blood and Chocolate - Elvis CostelloI used to be a huge Elvis Costello fan. I still love his work. I just don’t go to his concerts or run out and buy his newest albums. But the height of my obsession with him was his 1986 album, Blood & Chocolate. I was looking for the best way to characterize the album, and I think that AllMusic nailed it: “controlled viciousness.”

And here is a live version of my favorite song on the album, “I Want You” — the most hateful break up song ever written. I wish I could say that I don’t understand the song completely — that I haven’t felt exactly the same way. The song consists of the fantasies that we partake of when dumped — or on the verge of it. I especially like, “Did you call his name out as he held you down?” It is all so self-destructive — so obviously counterproductive. But it is also the way we are. Or were. Now I really don’t care, but maybe just because I can no longer imagine being in love like that.

Anniversary Post: Founding of Rome

RomeMy colleague over at The Reaction, Infidel753 took his moniker from the fabled founding year of Rome, 753 BC. And today’s date — 21 April — is said to be the very day. It sounds a bit like the Sermon on the Mount in Life of Brian, “Judea AD 33. Saturday Afternoon. About Tea Time.” Of course, this is all myth. You see there were supposedly these twins, Romulus and Remus. It’s not a very interesting myth. The brothers decide to found a city but they disagree about the location. So Romulus goes ahead and starts to build his city and constructs a wall encircling it. Remus mocks the wall, jumping over it. He dies — in the more exciting of the versions because Romulus kills him. I guess the point is that nobody better infringe upon Rome or they will die — very true for many centuries.

I’m more interested in our own founding myths. Because that is what we have — among the vast majority of people. I’m very fond of this quote spoken by John Adams in 1776, “Franklin smote the ground and out sprang George Washington, fully grown and on his horse. Franklin then electrified him with his miraculous lightning rod and the three of them — Franklin, Washington, and the horse — conducted the entire revolution by themselves.” That isn’t quite how people think of the Revolutionary War, but it isn’t far off.

Of course, the worst are the Christian conservatives who have merged the Revolutionary War, the Constitution, and the Bible into one big myth about God’s will. Pretty much written out of our country’s founding is the radicalism. I really do wonder if the war would have been won without “Common Sense.” And now Thomas Paine is almost a non-person in American history. Of course, there is the other side. A lot of the southern aristocracy wanted to get away from England because they were afraid that if they stayed, their slaves would have been taken away from them. The founding of the United States was, shall we say, complicated.

Maybe we are better of with something simple like Romulus and Remus — or Franklin and Washington. But somehow, I think the genocide of native peoples and slavery ought to be included in the story. Since this was before Nietzsche and so God was still alive, let’s just say that He didn’t give a damn. But I have an idea for a song:

And the land of the slaves…
And the home once of braves!

Play ball! And happy mythical birthday to Rome!

Republicans Prove Love of Jesus By Harming Poor

The Satanic Children's Big Book of ActivitiesWell, it seems that Oklahoma Attorney General Scott Pruitt is determined to protect “religious liberty.” Steve Benen reported that the great culture warrior has declared to school superintendents that he will not stand for them interfering with students’ “religious liberty.” And by “students” he means outsiders coming in and by “religious liberty” he means the ability of those outsiders to distribute Bibles. I’m sure he would be horrified if outsiders came in distributing the Quran or The Tibetan Book of the Dead or The Satanic Children’s Big Book of Activities (pdf). As Freedom From Religion Foundation attorney Andrew Seidel noted, “Open forums are meant to privilege the religious majority.” Pruitt — in addition to pandering to his socially conservative base so he can help the fossil fuel industry — is only interested in pushing Christianity.

But just think about what a truly open discussion of religions would do in a country that is three-quarters Christian. You see, I know a little bit about different religions. And one of the conclusions that I’ve drawn is that they really aren’t all that different. That’s certainly true of the Abrahamic faiths: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The recent Pew Research report on religion found that 78.4% of Americans were Christian, 1.7% were Jewish, and 0.6% were Muslim. So all else being equal — without rigging the contest with early childhood indoctrination — Christianity would lose a lot of followers and Judaism and Islam would gain a lot. This says nothing of Buddhism, which is objectively a less horrible religion. And let’s not forget America’s fasting growing faith, “Nothing in Particular”! (Really: currently at 12.1% and growing.)

As Benen noted, we have seen this all before. Pruitt may think that the US Constitution gives people the right to pass out Bibles at public schools, but that’s only true if other faiths are able to do it too. And you can bet that the Satanic Temple is going to be there passing out its literature. And the truth is that people like Pruitt are terrified of a fair fight. So if it is a question of allowing all faiths or no faiths to compete for the market of young minds, they will choose no faiths. Christianity is a musty old faith that even Pastor Carl Lentz can’t make cool. I don’t care how many Jehovah’s Witness artists render the Bible in pleasant colors, it’s still guys living in big fish, guys building big boats, and guys getting seduced by their their horny daughters. Oh, and the bearded one wandering around Palestine, supposedly able to do magic tricks, but never once doing a really cool one like making an elephant disappear.

I explained what’s going to happen just two months ago, School Board Not Open to Real Religious Debate. But what Scott Pruitt is doing has a long history — and not just in terms of these ridiculous stunts of trying to turn Christianity into an official state religion by arguing for “religious liberty.” What’s he is doing is making a symbolic point that in the end will only fail and cost his constituents money. I discussed this yesterday with regard to a totally different issue, Obamacare Hatred Is Destroying Red States. Yes, I’m sure that Oklahoma generally and the Oklahoma public schools specifically need all the money they’ve got, but what is that compared to Pruitt getting to beat his chest and pretend to be defender of religious liberty? Anyway, we all know who elected this corrupt and evil man.

Meanwhile, Benen reported that Tennessee narrowly stopped a new law that would have made the Bible the official state book. But of course, that isn’t about religion. They just think it’s a hell of a read! Of course, doing that would be the same kind of unconstitutional symbolic act that would only result in the state spending millions of dollars defending the law in court. This seems to be all that Republicans are cable of doing anymore. Is it possible we could just make a deal? We liberals will all agree that those Republicans really, really hate Obama and everything he stands for. And we will also agree that those Republicans think that Christianity is the One True Faith™. And in return, those Republicans would never again make totally stupid symbolic gestures that hurt their own constituents. But I know that will never happen. Costing yourself $37 billion each year is the only way that people will really, really know that you really, really hate Obama. And losing really, really costly really, really stupid lawsuits is the only way that people will know that you really, really love Jesus. And if it hurts the poor, so much the better! We all know Jesus said, “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to bring good news to the poor. And that news is: no more food stamps or public education!”

Apology for Portrayal of Politicians

Monty Python's Flying Circus - DVD 10We would like to apologize for the way in which politicians are represented in this program. It was never our intention to imply that politicians are weak-kneed political time-servers who are concerned more with their personal vendettas and private power struggles than the problems of government, nor to suggest at any point that they sacrifice their credibility by denying free debate on vital matters in the mistaken impression that party unity comes before the well-being of the people they supposedly represent, nor to imply at any stage that they are squabbling little toadies without an ounce of concern for the vital social problems of today. Nor indeed do we intend viewers should consider them as crabby ulcerous little self seeking vermin with furry legs and an excessive addiction to alcohol and certain explicit sexual practices which some people might find offensive.

We are sorry if this impression has come across.

Monty Python’s Flying Circus
The War Against Pornography